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J Nucl Med. 2008; 49 (Supplement 1):65P
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Instrumentation & Data Analysis: Instrumentation

Multimodality

3D Anatomically accurate phantoms for PET and SPECT imaging

Michael Miller1 and Gary Hutchins1

1 Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana

261

Objectives: PET and SPECT are well established as quantitative imaging modalities. Spatial resolution and detection sensitivity are key limitations for quantitative studies of small structures. Our objective is to develop phantoms with detailed 3D anatomical structures and realistic radionuclide distributions to provide a platform for characterizing quantitative limitations in human and animal PET.

Methods: A Spectrum Z510 3D printer is used to generate anatomically accurate 3D objects derived from human or animal anatomical data (CT, MR, or anatomical atlases). Phantoms are printed with sub-millimeter anatomical details using cellulose powder based prototyping technology. Printer resolution is < 0.2 mm with output size up to 10x14x8 inches, allowing us to print phantoms from mouse brain and to human torso size. Regional PET or SPECT radionuclide concentration distributions are generated by incorporating radionuclides into the printer dyes.

Results: We have created phantoms with 18F concentration as high as 53 kBq/mL with reproducibility in concentration of 2%. Activity in cold regions is < 2% that in adjacent hot regions. Phantoms based on human and rat brain atlases with activity defects in selected brain structures represent pathologies and experimental models. Images of these phantoms are used to determine system responses, i.e. we find a recovery coefficient of 1.4 for rat striatum imaged in the IndyPET-III small animal PET scanner. We present results of our ongoing studies of rat and human brain phantoms as well as other example phantoms.

Conclusions: We have demonstrated that this technique can be used to create highly detailed anatomically accurate phantoms for evaluating the quantitative performance of emission tomography systems.

Research Support: This work is supported by the Indiana Genomics Initiative (INGEN). INGEN is supported in part by Lilly Endowment.





This Article
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Right arrow Articles by Hutchins, G.